Knee arthroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure that has been widely used for decades to treat osteoarthritis, meniscus tears, and other knee problems. However, recent research suggests that it might be used too much, particularly in knee conditions that are degenerative.
Why is it necessary to perform knee arthroscopy less frequently?
- Limited Long-Term Benefits: According to research, knee arthroscopy does not provide significant long-term relief in comparison to physical therapy or non-surgical treatments for many conditions, including osteoarthritis and degenerative meniscus tears.
- High Costs and Long Recovery Time: Even though arthroscopy is minimally invasive, it still comes with costs, risks, and a long recovery time. This may not be a good reason to use it when conservative treatments can achieve the same results.
- Guidelines Recommend Conservative Approaches: Leading medical organizations, such as the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS), recommend physical therapy, weight management, and pain relief measures rather than routine arthroscopy for degenerative knee conditions.
- Risk of Complications: Although they are uncommon, complications like infection, blood clots, or nerve damage can happen, so it’s important to make sure surgery is really needed.
When Should Knee Arthroscopy Be Performed?
- Traumatic injuries that occur quickly (such as a locked knee from a displaced meniscus tear)
- Mechanical symptoms caused by loose cartilage or joint debris
- Ligament injuries requiring surgical repair
Considerable Alternative Treatment Options
- Physical therapy to strengthen the muscles around you
- Anti-inflammatory medications or corticosteroid injections
- Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or hyaluronic acid injections
- Changing one’s lifestyle and managing one’s weight
Knee arthroscopy is one of the most common orthopedic surgeries worldwide, often used to treat meniscus tears, ligament injuries, and cartilage damage. It is a minimally invasive procedure where a small camera (arthroscope) is inserted into the knee joint, allowing surgeons to diagnose and treat various conditions.
However, its widespread use has come under scrutiny, particularly for degenerative knee conditions like osteoarthritis and age-related meniscus tears. Research suggests that in many cases, arthroscopy offers no significant long-term benefits over conservative treatments like physical therapy, medication, or injections.
Despite this, knee arthroscopy remains a valuable option for specific cases, such as mechanical symptoms (e.g., a locked knee) or injuries that require surgical intervention. As evidence continues to evolve, many medical guidelines now recommend a more cautious approach, ensuring that the procedure is reserved for patients who will truly benefit.
